Probably not because you will need more than just the fishing license to cross the border.
8-day conservation fishing licence tag ($30.53 CAD)
Ontario Outdoors Card ($9.68 CAD)
You will also need an Remote Area Border Crossing Permit (RABC)$30 CAD and a DAY Permit @ $12 CAD per DAY. This Day pass also must be purchased at Quetico Ranger Station on LLC or at Prairie Portage which would probably alter your route into Friday.
Total $82.21 CAD which converts to $68.06 USD and $12.00 CAD ($9.93 USD) for each additional day.
This is required of everyone in the canoe ~ RABC/DAY Permit and if Fishing the Licence/Outdoors Card
You can find information on all of the above at this link
Also you will technically be required to report to US Customs when you return to the United States.
2015 Quetico Permit, Customs and Fishing License Information